| Protein name |
Myoglobin |
| Host compatibility |
Komagatella phaffi (Pichia pastoris) |
| Yield |
0.55 g/L (Sun et al., 2025)
|
| Scale (in specific example) |
Lab scale in bioreactor (Sun et al., 2025)
|
| Biggest scale product has been develloped in this organism |
Pilot or industrial scale (Motif Foods) |
| Regulatory status in Europe |
Not allowed |
| Regulatory status in other parts of the world |
FDA GRAS approval in the US. Not allowed in Canada
|
| Companies producing this protein in this organism |
Motif Foods, now taken over by Impossible Foods
|
| Extra/remark |
|
| Publications/references |
-
Sun, D., Wang, Y., Zhou, J., Li, J., Chen, J., Du, G., & Zhao, X. (2025). Modifications of Constitutive Promoter to Large-Scale Synthesize Porcine Myoglobin in Komagataella phaffii. Fermentation, 11(2), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11020049
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Devaere, J., De Winne, A., Dewulf, L., Fraeye, I., Šoljić, I., Lauwers, E., De Jong, A., & Sanctorum, H. (2022). Improving the Aromatic Profile of Plant-Based Meat Alternatives: Effect of Myoglobin Addition on Volatiles. Foods, 11(13), 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11131985
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Post, M. (2018). Proteins in cultured beef. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 289–298). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100722-8.00012-7
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Carlsson, M. L. R., Kanagarajan, S., Bülow, L., & Zhu, L. (2020). Plant based production of myoglobin - a novel source of the muscle heme-protein. Scientific Reports, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57565-y
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Watson, E. (2023, December 22). ‘A gamechanger for flavor in meat alternatives. . .’ Motif FoodWorks to launch heme-binding protein delivering ‘flavor and aroma of real meat.’ FoodNavigator USA. Retrieved September 2, 2025, from https://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/Article/2021/09/17/Motif-FoodWorks-to-launch-myoglobin-a-yeast-derived-heme-binding-protein-delivering-the-flavor-and-aroma-of-real-meat/
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Suman, S. P., & Joseph, P. (2013). Myoglobin Chemistry and Meat Color. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 4(1), 79–99. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-030212-182623
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Zhang, B., Zhao, X., Wang, Z., Wang, H., Zhou, J., Du, G., Chen, J., & Li, J. (2021). Efficient Secretory Expression and Purification of Food-Grade Porcine Myoglobin in Komagataella phaffii. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 69(35), 10235–10245. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04124
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